姜有哪些種類?
按照生姜的根莖或植株的用途可分為食用藥用型,食用加工型和觀賞型三種類型。根據生姜的植物學特征及生長習性,可分為疏苗型和密苗型兩種類型。
1、疏苗型:植株高大,莖稈粗壯,分枝少,葉深綠色,根莖節少而稀,姜塊肥大,多單層排列,其代表品種如山東萊蕪大姜、廣東疏輪大肉姜、安丘大姜、藤葉大姜等。
2、密苗型:生長勢中等,分枝多,葉色綠,根莖節多而密,姜塊多數雙層或多層排列,其代表品種如山東萊蕪片姜、廣東密輪細肉姜、浙江臨平紅瓜姜、江西興國生姜、陜西城固黃姜等。
生姜的主要種類
1、嫩姜
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又叫新姜、仔姜、子姜,是生姜還沒成熟的個體,尖部發紫,又叫紫姜,皮薄肉嫩,水分多,纖維少,味淡薄,除做調料,還可加工成絲炒、涼拌、做姜糖,如淮揚菜拌幹絲。
2、老姜
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俗稱姜母,即姜種,皮厚肉堅,味道辛辣,相比新姜,老姜的味道更濃香,俗話說姜還是老的辣,主要用在調味,壹般用在火工菜中(如燉、燜、煨、燒、煮、扒等烹調方法),主要是取其味,而熟後要棄去姜,它附有姜芽(澆姜),可以作菜肴的配菜或醬腌,味道鮮美。
3、紅爪姜
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南方各地常用品種。因分枝節處呈淺紫紅皮,外形肥大如爪而得名。又名大蓮姜。株高70厘米左右,長勢強,分枝數少,姜塊皮色淡黃,肉質鮮黃,纖維少,辛味濃,品質佳;耐幹旱,發病少,適應性強,產量高,單株重1.5~2千克。
4、紅芽姜
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紅芽姜分布福建、湖南等省。植株生長勢強,分枝數多。根莖皮淡黃色,芽淡紅色,根莖肉色蠟黃,纖維少,風味佳。單株根莖重可達500克左右。
5、黃爪姜
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浙江省臨乎壹帶農家品種。植株較矮,芽不帶紅色,姜塊節間短而密,皮淡黃色,肉質微密,辛辣味濃。單株根莖重250克左右。香辣,氣味由淡轉濃,肉質由松軟變結實,水分小,香氣比老姜還要重,是姜中上品。